IUPAC-NIST
Solubility Data Series 73
Metal and Ammonium Formate Systems
By C. Balarew, T.P. Dirskse, O.A. Golubchikov, M. Salomon, S. Trendafilova,
S. Tepavitcharova, T. Ageyeva, P. Baldini, and G. D'Andrea IUPAC -NIST
Solubility Data Series. 73. Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference
Data, Vol. 30, No. 1 pp. 1-163, 2001.
This volume reviews the metal and ammonium formate solubility data
published up to 1995. As far as the editors are aware, all the solubility
data published during this period have been reviewed. Preference has
been given to data published in numerical form. Data that appeared
only in graphical form may not appear in this volume. In each section
the metal atoms are arranged in the order (group) in which they appear
in the Periodic Table. Metal formates are crystalline solids having
some interesting chemical and physical properties. Several of these
salts are important because they have nonlinear optical properties.
Specific examples are: LiCHO2 ·H2O (3), NaCHO2 (4), Sr(CHO2)2,
and Sr(CHO2)2 ·2H2O, Ba(CHO2)2, formates of Sc, Y and the rare
earth elements having the general formula Me(CHO2)3·nH2O (where
Me = Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm . . . Lu) and some double salts and
mixed salts such as NaCd(CHO2)3, BaCd(CHO2)4·2H2O and Li0.9Na0.1
CHO2. Some metal formates have useful electric or magnetic characteristics.
Thus, Cu(CHO2)2·4H2O has ferro-electric properties, Cu(CHO2)2
is ferromagnetic, Mn(CHO2)2·2H2O is anti-ferromagnetic, CuBa2(CHO2)6·4H2O
is paramagnetic, and the formates of Ca, Cd, and Sr have elastic and
thermoplastic properties. Bivalent metal formates could be used as
precursors for the production of catalysts because they show excellent
miscibility in the solid state, i.e., they form mixed crystals that
dissociate at relatively low temperatures (about 300 °C) to form
the respective oxides and mixed oxides. There are also additional
smaller-scale uses of metal formates. The wide interest in the applications
and uses of metal formates will lead to an interest in seeking methods
for the preparation of these materials. Solubility data for the metal
formates will be helpful in devising the methods of preparation. Therefore,
this volume has been prepared to present and evaluate solubility data
for the binary, ternary and multi-component systems containing metal
formates in aqueous and in non-aqueous solutions.
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