ANNEX
1. ABBREVIATIONS USED IN TOXICOLOGY
ADI Acceptable daily intake
ALARA(P) As low as reasonably achievable (practicable)
In GBR regulations
relating to worker exposure
In USA goal of
risk management (USNRC regulations)
ATP Adenosine triphosphate
BAL British anti-Lewisite
BATNEEC Best available technology not entailing excessive
cost
In GBR regulations
relating to environmental discharges
BCF Bioconcentration factor
BEM Biological effect monitoring
BOD Biochemical oxygen demand
BPEO Best practicable environmental
option (GBR)
b.w. Body weight
CLn See LC
COD Chemical oxygen demand
DEn See EDn
DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNn See NDn
EC Enzyme classification
number or effective concentration
ECn Median effective
concentration to n % of a population
EDI Estimated daily intake
EDn Median effective
dose to n % of a population
EEC Estimated exposure concentration
EED Estimated exposure dose
EEL Environmental exposure
level
EMDI Estimated maximum daily intake
EQO Environmental quality
objective
EQS Environmental quality
standard
ERL Extraneous Residue Limit
ETS Environmental tobacco
smoke
GAP Good agricultural practice
GLP Good laboratory practice
GMP Good manufacturing practice
HSG Health and Safety Guide
(IPCS)
HQ Hazard quotient
IC Inhibitory concentration
IDLHC Immediately dangerous to life or
health concentration
i.m. Intramuscular
inhl By inhalation
i.p. Intraperitoneal
IPD Individual protective
devices
I-TEF International Toxicity Equivalency
Factor
i.v. Intravenous
KOC Organic carbon
partition coefficient
KOW Octanol water
partition coefficient
LCn Median concentration
lethal to n % of a test population
LDn Median dose
lethal to n % of a test population
LEL Lowest effect level, same
as LOEL
LOEL Lowest observed effect level
LOAEL Lowest observed adverse effect level
LTn Median time for death
of n % of a test population
LV Limit value
MCL Maximum contaminant level
(USA - Safe Drinking Water Act)
MCLG Maximum contaminant level goal
(USA - Safe Drinking Water Act)
MAC Maximum allowable concentration
MEL Maximum exposure limit
MF Modifying factor
MOE Margin of exposure
MRL Maximum residue limit
mRNA Messenger ribonucleic acid
MSDS Material safety data sheet
MTC Maximum tolerable concentration
MTD Maximum tolerable dose,
Maximum tolerated dose
MTEL Maximum tolerable exposure
level
NADP(H) Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
(reduced)
NDn Median dose
narcotic to n % of a population
NEL No effect level, same
as NOEL
NOAEL No observed adverse effect level
NOEL No observed effect level
OEL Occupational exposure
limit
OES Occupational exposure
standard
PEL Permissible exposure limit
PMR Proportionate mortality
rate, ratio
p.c. Per cutim (Latin)
= Through the skin
p.o. Per os (Latin)
= By mouth
POW Octanol water
partition coefficient
PPD Personal protective device
PPE Personal protective equipment
PTWI Provisional tolerable weekly
intake
QSAR Quantitative structure activity
relationship
RD Rate difference
RfC Reference concentration
RfD Reference dose
RME Reasonable maximum exposure
(USEPA)
RNA Ribonucleic acid
RR Rate ratio
SAR Structure-activity relationship
s.c. Subcutaneous
SCE Sister chromatid exchange
SMR Standard mortality ratio
SNARL Suggested no adverse response level
STEL Short term exposure limit
t1/2 Half-life
TCDD 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
TDI Tolerable daily intake
TEF Toxicity equivalency factor
TEQ Toxicity equivalent
TLn See LTn
TLV Threshold limit value
TMDI Theoretical maximum daily intake
TSEL Tentative safe exposure level
TWA Time-weighted average
TWAC Time-weighted average concentration
TWAE Time-weighted average exposure
UF Uncertainty factor